Clutch Components
The drivetrain refers to the components that convert engine brake horse power to wheel horse power. Although the technical definition varies between vehicle types, generally the drivetrain includes; transmission, drive and propeller shafts, the powered axle, differential plus wheels. Vehicle types built for specific terrain travel will have a different drivetrain. To illustrate this, the average car would consume approximately 15% of the engine power – think of your average 4x4 built for off-road includes additional transfer box, transmission brake, locking differential and final drive/portal gear - will often consume closer to 25%. Manual car drivetrain includes the flywheel and clutch. Automatic car drivetrain includes the torque convertor. Front wheel drive car drivetrain include the constant velocity joint (CV joint).
Given the size, scope and variety of drivetrains and the resultant array of components – drivetrain upgrade options are plentiful and something can be found suitable for all budgets.
The transmission upgrade will likely be a new clutch flywheel, which can come with/without the pressure plate. For the adventurous, you can purchase the clutch components separately; plate discs, clutch cover assembly and clutch plate. For the less-adventurous, you can purchase a clutch kit, compromising of those elements. Alternatively, upgrading the stock gearbox mounts is a more affordable modification.
Uprated raw material such as heat treated alloy bring benefits more accustomed to the particular rigours of the component. Shafts made of alloy with lower stiffness aid the comfort of the ride and will be able to deliver and handle additional torque.
There are a variety of upgrade options to install an uprated differential gear system. Limited slip differentials are designed to direct power away from low resistance toward high resistant paths, reducing lost kinetic energy through traction loss or wheel spin. One-way differentials for front wheel drive vehicles can help reduce torque steer under load. Two-way differentials are for rear and all-wheel drive vehicles. 1.5-way diffs create a differential effect under load or deceleration and are for specialist rear wheel drive vehicles such as drift cars. Other differential options include; viscous diffs, torque sensitive diffs, cone, clutch or plate type diffs.
Aftermarket gear sticks with shorter throws allow for quicker more efficient gear changing when driving aggressively, meaning the clutch is depressed for a shorter time, maximising use of engine power. Some replacements throws will have a satisfying click, or notch to let the operator know the gear was successfully selected. For a modest financial outlay, a manual gearbox with a lazy sensation can be tightened up with this popular modification.
Drivetrain upgrades offer significant gains in power delivery and handling. Clutch kits are popular for manual transmission cars, improving grip and allowing more power transfer without slipping.
Upgrading the differential – a limited-slip diff (LSD) is a great choice – can dramatically improve traction, especially during aggressive driving or on slippery surfaces. Stronger driveshafts and axles handle increased torque from engine modifications. Even transmission mounts can be upgraded to reduce drivetrain slop for more responsive shifts.
The best upgrades depend on your goals. For street performance, an LSD and clutch kit are good starting points. Serious racers might need stronger axles, a full rebuild of the gearbox, or even a custom driveshaft.
Several symptoms suggest your drivetrain might be having trouble. Unusual noises – clunking, clicking (especially during turns), whining, or humming – are big red flags.
Vibration is another key indicator. You might feel it through the floorboards, steering wheel, or seat. Difficulty shifting gears, slipping gears, or a complete inability to shift also point to drivetrain problems. Fluid leaks under your car (transmission fluid is usually reddish, differential fluid is heavier and gear oil-like) are never good.
Ignoring these signs can lead to catastrophic failure and leave you stranded – or worse, cause an accident. Get it checked out ASAP!
Drivetrain repair costs vary *wildly* depending on the problem. A simple CV joint replacement might be $200-$500, including parts and labor.
However, major issues like a failing transmission or differential can easily run into thousands of dollars—$1,500 to $3,500+ for a rebuild or replacement. Diagnosing the problem accurately is crucial. A thorough inspection by a qualified mechanic will give you a realistic estimate.
Don’t ignore drivetrain noises – clicking, clunking, or whining sounds usually indicate a developing issue. Addressing problems early can often save you money in the long run.
Simply put, the drivetrain is everything that delivers power from your engine to the wheels. It’s not just one part; it's a system of interconnected components working together.
For most cars, this includes the transmission (manual or automatic), driveshaft(s) – connecting the transmission to the differential – the differential itself (which splits power to each wheel on an axle), axles, and finally, the wheels. All-wheel drive vehicles add complexity with a transfer case and additional shafts.
The drivetrain’s job isn't just about *getting* power down; it's about managing it efficiently. Different drivetrains (front-wheel, rear-wheel, all-wheel) impact handling, fuel economy, and capability in various conditions.
